Commissioned by Sultan Ahmed I and completed in 1617, the Blue Mosque fuses Sinan’s classical vocabulary with lavish Iznik tiles. Its cascading domes, six minarets, and luminous interior define Istanbul’s skyline opposite Hagia Sophia. Conservation today focuses on tile conservation, dome leadwork, structural ties, and visitor circulation across an active place of worship and major heritage site.
Built adjacent to the Hippodrome and Hagia Sophia, the mosque asserted dynastic legitimacy after wars with Persia. Architect Sedefkâr Mehmed Ağa, a pupil of Sinan, organized a square prayer hall under a central dome (23.5 m diameter) with four elephant‑foot piers, flanked by semi‑domes and exedrae.
More than 20,000 Iznik tiles—cobalt, turquoise, emerald—animated by floral and geometric motifs, rise to meet stained glass windows that wash the interior with cool, diffuse light. A multi‑courtyard scheme and massive ablutions fountain orchestrate approach and ritual.
Six minarets (controversial for equaling Mecca’s at the time) were resolved by adding a seventh at the Haram. Lead‑clad domes and iron chains stabilize thrust; timber tie beams and metal anchors improve ductility against quakes.
Tile delamination, grout loss, and glaze crazing require micro‑adhesives and humidity control. Re‑leading domes and checking rainwater drainage protect the structure. Visitor routes separate worshippers and tourists in peak seasons.
Dress codes apply; mid‑day light heightens tile color. Evenings showcase exterior lighting and call to prayer across the Sultanahmet square.
